APPLYING

Instructor Presence

EFFECTIVE INSTRUCTION IN VIRTUAL HIGHER EDUCATION:
ENSURING COGNITIVE, SOCIAL, & TEACHING PRESENCE 

Rebeor, S., Rosser-Majors, M., McMahon, C., Anderson, S., Harper, Y., Sliwinski, L.

Garrison's Three Types of Presence (2006)

Dr. Randy Garrison, a retired professor from the University of Calgary who has published extensively on teaching and online-learning, simplified this for us by suggesting that presence is the most important practice in teaching online and is simply “being there.” However, he also suggests three differing components of presence.

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Much like a machine, each component supports the others as all three components are interrelated. In order to be successfully present, all three components must be applied in unison. Presence is incorporated within the Community of Inquiry Model (Col).